Aerial View of the Fergus Falls Kirkbride Building and Grounds

The Kirkbride Building anchors the former Fergus Falls Regional Treatment Center, a state hospital campus that opened in 1890 on Minnesota's western prairie. Architect Warren H. Hayes designed the structure following the Kirkbride Plan, a 19th-century model for psychiatric care that arranged patient wards in stepped wings radiating from a central administrative core. Builders used granite quarried near Fergus Falls, trimmed with sandstone, to raise the sprawling complex, which stretches several hundred feet across the campus grounds. The hospital treated Minnesota's mentally ill population for more than a century before the state closed the facility in 2005. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and ranks among the largest Kirkbride-style structures ever built in the United States.