Epiphyte-Laden Branch in the Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve

The Monteverde Cloud Forest Biological Reserve sits along the Continental Divide in Costa Rica's Tilarán mountain range, where moisture-laden trade winds keep the forest in near-constant mist. That humidity supports a dense load of epiphytes — bromeliads, orchids, ferns, and mosses — that grow directly on tree limbs rather than in soil, drawing water and nutrients from the air and debris around them. Researchers have cataloged more than 500 species of epiphytes within the reserve, among the highest counts recorded in any neotropical cloud forest. The reserve itself protects roughly 10,500 hectares and was established in 1972 through the efforts of Quaker settlers and conservationists working with the Tropical Science Center.