Sloth

4 photos · 2019

4 photographs tagged Sloth, 2019.

Related: Animal Costa Rica Wildlife Cloud Forest Jungle Monteverde
A mother sloth and her baby cling to a tree branch in Costa Rica's tropical forest canopy.
Costa Rica is home to two sloth species: the brown-throated three-fingered sloth and Hoffmann's two-fingered sloth. Both are arboreal and spend the majority of their lives in tree canopies, descending to the ground only about once a week to defecate. Females carry their young continuously for the first several months, with the infant clinging to the mother's belly as she moves slowly through the branches. Sloths have an exceptionally slow metabolism tied to a leaf-based diet, which is low in calories and difficult to digest, and this pace allows them to conserve energy while avoiding the attention of predators like harpy eagles.

Mother Sloth and Baby High in a Costa Rican Tree

A three-toed sloth with its infant hangs from tree branches in Costa Rica's rainforest canopy.
Costa Rica is home to two sloth species: the brown-throated three-toed sloth (Bradypus variegatus) and Hoffmann's two-toed sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni). Females carry their young on their belly for several months after birth, as the infant lacks the strength to move independently through the canopy. Sloths spend nearly all their lives in trees, descending to the ground only about once a week to defecate. Algae growing in their fur gives many a greenish tint that helps camouflage them from predators like harpy eagles and jaguars.

Mother Sloth with Baby Clinging to a Costa Rican Treetop

An armadillo forages through dense undergrowth in the Monteverde Cloud Forest Biological Preserve, Costa Rica.
The nine-banded armadillo is the species most likely to turn up along the forest floor at Monteverde, foraging through leaf litter for insects, grubs, and small invertebrates. It's the only armadillo species found as far north as the United States, but in Costa Rica it ranges through both lowland and highland forest, including the cloud forest habitat around Monteverde. The animal's banded armor is made of bony plates called osteoderms, covered in keratin, which allow it to flex while it digs and burrows. Mostly nocturnal or active at dawn and dusk, it relies on a strong sense of smell rather than eyesight to locate food, since armadillos see poorly.

Nine-Banded Armadillo Foraging Near Monteverde, Costa Rica

Two sloths rest in moss-covered tree branches surrounded by dense vegetation in Monteverde Cloud Forest, Costa Rica.
Hoffmann's two-toed sloths are among the mammals found in the Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, a protected area that spans roughly 10,500 hectares across Costa Rica's Tilarán mountain range. Unlike Costa Rica's other common sloth species, the brown-throated three-toed sloth, Hoffmann's two-toed sloths are primarily nocturnal and spend much of the day curled into dense foliage or epiphyte clusters high in the canopy. Females often carry and nurse a single offspring for up to a year, with young sloths clinging to the mother's fur until they're large enough to forage independently. The reserve's constant moisture and cloud cover support the thick moss and epiphyte growth that gives sloths cover and camouflage from predators like harpy eagles.

Two-Toed Sloths Nestled in Monteverde’s Mossy Canopy

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